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Engineering
GATE
School
Pharmacy
Competitive Exams
Intermediate
General
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (Theory)
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UNIT-I
26
Pharmaceutical analysis- Definition and scope
Pharmaceutical analysis- Definition and scope
Different techniques of analysis
Different techniques of analysis
Methods of expressing concentration
Methods of expressing concentration
Primary and secondary standards.
Primary and secondary standards.
Preparation and standardization of various molar and normal solutionsOxalic acid
Preparation and standardization of various molar and normal solutionsOxalic acid
sodium hydroxide
sodium hydroxide
hydrochloric acid & sodium thiosulphate
hydrochloric acid & sodium thiosulphate
sulphuric acid
sulphuric acid
potassium permanganate and ceric ammonium sulphate
potassium permanganate and ceric ammonium sulphate
Sources of errors & types of errors
Sources of errors & types of errors
methods of minimizing errors
methods of minimizing errors
Accuracy , precision and significant figures
Accuracy , precision and significant figures
Short answer Questions
Long answer question
UNIT-II
16
Acid base titration
Acid base titration
Theories of acid base indicators
Theories of acid base indicators
classification of acid base titrations and theory involved in titrations of strong,weak ,very weak acids and bases
classification of acid base titrations and theory involved in titrations of strongvery,very weak acids and bases
neutralization curves
neutralization curves
Non aqueous titration
Non aqueous titration
Solvents
Solvents
acidimetry and alkalimetry titration and estimation of Sodium benzoate and Ephedrine HCl
acidimetry and alkalimetry titration and estimation of Sodium benzoate and Ephedrine HCl
short answer Questions
Long answer Questions
UNIT-III
28
Precipitation titrations
Precipitation titrations
Mohr’s method
Mohr’s method
Volhard’s
Volhard’s
Modified Volhard’s, Fajans method
Modified Volhard’s, Fajans method
estimation of sodium chloride
estimation of sodium chloride
Complexometric titration
Complexometric titration
Classification & metal ion indicators
Classification & metal ion indicators
masking and demasking reagents
masking and demasking reagents
estimation of Magnesium sulphate and calcium gluconate.
estimation of Magnesium sulphate and calcium gluconate.
Gravimetry
Gravimetry:
Principle and steps involved in gravimetric analysis
Principle and steps involved in gravimetric analysis
Purity of the precipitate and co-precipitation
Purity of the precipitate and co-precipitation
post precipitation, Estimation of barium sulphate
post precipitation, Estimation of barium sulphate
short answer Questions
Long answer Questions
UNIT-IV
18
Redox titrations
Redox titrations
Concepts of oxidation and reduction
Concepts of oxidation and reduction
Types of redox titrations (Principles and applications)
Types of redox titrations (Principles and applications)
Cerimetry
Cerimetry
Iodimetry
Iodimetry
Bromatometry
Bromatometry
Dichrometry
Dichrometry
Titration with potassium iodate
Titration with potassium iodate
short answer Questions
Long answer Questions
UNIT-V
23
Electrochemical methods of analysis
Electrochemical methods of analysis
Conductometry
Conductometry
Conductivity cell
Conductivity cell
Conductometric titrations
Potentiometry
Potentiometry
Electrochemical cell, construction and working of reference (Standard hydrogen)
Electrochemical cell, construction and working of reference (Standard hydrogen)
silver chloride electrode and calomel electrode) and indicator electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode)
silver chloride electrode and calomel electrode) and indicator electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode)
methods to determine end point of potentiometric titration and applications
methods to determine end point of potentiometric titration and applications
Polarography
Polarography
Ilkovic equation
Ilkovic equation
construction and working of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode
construction and working of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode
short answer Questions
Long answer Questions
UNIT II
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UNIT II
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UNIT II
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Gravimetry:
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